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WHEN/HOW DO WE CHLORINATE OUR WATERS?

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  • Release Time:2020-09-18 13:38
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【Summary】

WHEN/HOW DO WE CHLORINATE OUR WATERS?

【Summary】

  • Categroy:News
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Release Time:2020-09-18 13:38
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Information

Chlorination can be done at any time/point throughout the water treatment process - there is not one specific time when chlorine must be added. Each point of chlorine application will subsequently control a different water contaminant concern, thus offering a complete spectrum of treatment from the time the water enters the treatment facility to the time it leaves.

Pre-chlorination is when chlorine is applied to the water almost immediately after it enters the treatment facility. In the pre-chlorination step, the chlorine is usually added directly to the raw water (the untreated water entering the treatment facility), or added in the flash mixer (a mixing machine that ensures quick, uniform dispersion of the chlorine). Chlorine is added to raw water to eliminate algae and other forms of aquatic life from the water so they won’t cause problems in the later stages of water treatment. Pre-chlorination in the flash mixer is found to remove tastes and odours, and control biological growth throughout the water treatment system, thus preventing growth in the sedimentation tanks (where solids are removed from the water by gravity settling) and the filtration media (the filters through which the water passes after sitting in the sedimentation tanks). The addition of chlorine will also oxidize any iron, manganese and/or hydrogen sulphide that are present, so that they too can be removed in the sedimentation and filtration steps.

Disinfection can also be done just prior to filtration and after sedimentation. This would control the biological growth, remove iron and manganese, remove taste and odours, control algae growth, and remove the colour from the water. This will not decrease the amount of biological growth in the sedimentation cells.

Chlorination may also be done as the final step in the treatment process, which is when it is usually done in most treatment plants. The main objective of this chlorine addition is to disinfect the water and maintain chlorine residuals that will remain in the water as it travels through the distribution system. Chlorinating filtered water is more economical because a lower CT value is required. This is a combination of the concentration (C) and contact time (T). The CT concept is discussed later on in this fact sheet. By the time the water has been through sedimentation and filtration, a lot of the unwanted organisms have been removed, and as a result, less chlorine and a shorter contact time is required to achieve the same effectiveness. To support and maintain the chlorine residual, a process called re-chlorination is sometimes done within the distribution system. This is done to ensure proper chlorine residual levels are maintained throughout the distribution system.

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Market Overview It is estimated to reach USD 1,808.11 million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 11.13% over the forecast period (2023–2031). Market growth is anticipated to be driven by the rising demand for calcium hypochlorite in the coming years, driven by the rising usage of hygiene products to prevent water-borne diseases like cholera and typhoid.   Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound utilized as a component in chlorine powder and bleaching powder, among other applications. It undergoes gradual decomposition in humid air and emits a potent chlorine odor. Calcium hypochlorite overuse can be harmful and irritate the skin. It has extensive applications in the disinfection of swimming pools, water purification, and bleaching textiles and paper. Calcium hypochlorite must be stored away from organic materials such as cloth, wood, and petroleum products since it can cause an explosion or fire when reacted.   Calcium hypochlorite is mainly used to disinfect drinking water and public swimming pools. The surging usage of calcium hypochlorite in spas, hot tub water, and swimming pools is anticipated to positively impact the growth of the calcium hypochlorite market worldwide. It is used as an oxidizer for decontaminating mustard gas and as a pesticide for insects, especially caterpillars. Calcium hypochlorite is also used to kill bacteria in different food products. It is utilized to sanitize the surfaces of different equipment and utensils. In households, calcium hypochlorite is commonly used in algaecides, bathroom cleaners, herbicides, household disinfectant sprays, laundry detergents, etc.
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Market Overview It is estimated to reach USD 1,808.11 million by 2031, growing at a CAGR of 11.13% over the forecast period (2023–2031). Market growth is anticipated to be driven by the rising demand for calcium hypochlorite in the coming years, driven by the rising usage of hygiene products to prevent water-borne diseases like cholera and typhoid.   Calcium hypochlorite is an inorganic compound utilized as a component in chlorine powder and bleaching powder, among other applications. It undergoes gradual decomposition in humid air and emits a potent chlorine odor. Calcium hypochlorite overuse can be harmful and irritate the skin. It has extensive applications in the disinfection of swimming pools, water purification, and bleaching textiles and paper. Calcium hypochlorite must be stored away from organic materials such as cloth, wood, and petroleum products since it can cause an explosion or fire when reacted.   Calcium hypochlorite is mainly used to disinfect drinking water and public swimming pools. The surging usage of calcium hypochlorite in spas, hot tub water, and swimming pools is anticipated to positively impact the growth of the calcium hypochlorite market worldwide. It is used as an oxidizer for decontaminating mustard gas and as a pesticide for insects, especially caterpillars. Calcium hypochlorite is also used to kill bacteria in different food products. It is utilized to sanitize the surfaces of different equipment and utensils. In households, calcium hypochlorite is commonly used in algaecides, bathroom cleaners, herbicides, household disinfectant sprays, laundry detergents, etc.
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