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The importance of sewage treatment for South Africa

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  • Release Time:2019-05-10 16:23
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【Summary】The importance of sewage treatment for South Africa

The importance of sewage treatment for South Africa

【Summary】The importance of sewage treatment for South Africa

  • Categroy:News
  • Author:
  • Origin:
  • Release Time:2019-05-10 16:23
  • Views:
Information

International Online News (Reporter Zhang Wei): March 22 is World Water Day. For African residents, the most precious thing is water. According to Baimas Taal, executive secretary of the African Council of Ministers of Water, there are currently 340 million people in Africa who cannot drink clean water and 500 million people living in areas with poor sanitation; water shortages have become a threat One of the main crises for the survival of African people.
Africa can be said to be a “water-deficient continent”. The 2011 drought in East Africa caused people to be shocked. In the worst drought in 60 years, more than 12.4 million people were affected, and the malnutrition rate of children under five years old And the mortality rate is extremely high.
In fact, Africa has been in a state of general water shortage for many years. The UN-Water Report, released at the Sixth World Water Forum conference held last year, reports that there are still 2 billion people in the world who are unable to drink clean drinking water, most of whom live in Africa. The water level in Africa, the largest freshwater lake in Africa, has been reduced by one meter from the early 1990s. The South African Business Report pointed out that if measures are not taken in time, water resources in South Africa will be exhausted by 2050.
However, according to statistics, almost 36% of the clean water in South Africa has been lost due to the water leakage caused by the old water supply system facilities. To this end, the South African government recently launched a “reduction of water leakage plan” to train 15,000 personnel to overhaul the pipeline. At the same time, South Africa has signed a seawater purification cooperation agreement with Iran to try to increase the source of clean water.

The situation in South Africa is only a microcosm of many African countries. In fact, not only in the dry period, drinking water is an extremely precious resource in the African region in the year when rainfall is relatively normal. In rural areas, a daily life burden for many African women and children is to travel more than 10 kilometers to queue up at public water points. About 3.1 million people worldwide die from diseases caused by drinking unclean water every year. Currently, 1/7 of the world's population lacks clean water, compared with 1/2 in Africa. Even in a large city with more than 15 million people in Lagos, Nigeria, only 40% of the population use clean tap water due to restrictions on facilities.
Africa has abundant groundwater resources, but the development costs are high. According to estimates by the African Development Bank, about 11.5 billion euros (1 euro or about 7.34 yuan) of funds are needed each year for improving water supply systems and water purification facilities in Africa. Similar dilemmas are everywhere, and in India, La Punjab, the world's most rain-stricken place, people have to worry about clean drinking water after the rainy season.
In such cases, sewage treatment becomes critical.

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As global trade activities gradually recover, the shipping industry is experiencing unprecedented shipping space shortages. Concurrently, shipping prices are showing significant upward trends, posing a crisis and challenge to the global supply chain. Crisis in the Global Supply Chain, Skyrocketing Shipping Costs This year, influenced by multiple factors such as escalating geopolitical tensions and regional conflicts, the global supply chain has fallen into a severe crisis. On one hand, the conflict in the Red Sea has affected the navigation through the Suez Canal. In response to blocked routes, a large amount of cargo has chosen to detour around the Cape of Good Hope. This not only significantly increased transportation costs and delayed delivery times but also increased carbon emissions. For instance, for a large container ship (with a capacity of 20,000-24,000 TEU) on the Far East to Europe route, if it detours around Africa, the additional emission costs calculated by the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS) for each voyage can reach as high as $400,000. To cope with the increase in transportation costs, many shipping companies have adjusted their freight rates, leading to a rise in shipping prices. On the other hand, the congestion and strikes at some European and American ports have resulted in large-scale sailing cancellations for European and American routes. According to Drewry’s data on canceled voyages, from September 30 to November 3, 2024, 100 voyages were announced canceled on the main east-west routes—trans-Pacific, trans-Atlantic, and Asia-Northern Europe and Mediterranean routes. The total number of canceled voyages accounted for 14% of the planned 693 voyages. The increase in the proportion of canceled voyages and the undiminished transportation demand led to severe overbooking and cargo rollovers starting in mid- to late October. According to the “China Export Container Transportation Market Weekly Report” released by the Shanghai Shipping Exchange on November 9, overbooking occurred on routes to North America, South America, Europe, and Southeast Asia at the end of October, with some routes extending to November. This situation also led to rising shipping prices. The report showed that on November 8, the market freight rates (including ocean freight and ocean surcharges) from Shanghai to the basic ports of Europe and the Mediterranean were $2,541/TEU and $3,055/TEU, respectively, up 4.1% and 5.1% from the previous period. The Shanghai Shipping Exchange’s Shanghai (SCFI) on November 8 was 2,331.58 points, up 1.2% from the previous period, marking the third consecutive week of increase, approximately 13% higher than the low on October 18. The skyrocketing shipping prices have not only brought tremendous pressure to the global logistics and supply chain but also further complicated the global transportation and trade network. High Freight Rates Likely to Persist Until the End of the Year To cope with market changes and alleviate the pressure of insufficient capacity, ensuring the stability and sustainability of transportation services, several globally renowned shipping companies such as Hapag-Lloyd, Hyundai Merchant Marine (HMM), and Maersk have recently announced new freight rate adjustment plans and notices for peak season surcharges. Hapag-Lloyd announced on October 30 that it would increase the FAK rates on the Far East to Europe route, effective from November 15, 2024. Hyundai Merchant Marine (HMM) announced in a customer notice that, starting from December 1, 2024, it will implement GRI (General Rate Increase) for all services from origin to the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Maersk recently announced that it will impose peak season surcharges (PSS) on routes to Australia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and other destinations. At the same time, it will impose peak season surcharges on routes to Africa to address the ongoing tensions in the global shipping market. By adjusting freight rates and imposing surcharges, a certain balance between supply and demand can be achieved, ensuring the normal operation of shipping businesses, but it also unintentionally pushes up the price of the entire maritime market. At the same time, affected by festivals such as Thanksgiving and Christmas, the transportation demand on the European route remains high, which will continue to drive up the spot market freight rates. Therefore, shipping prices may continue to rise before the end of the year. Whether future freight rates can significantly fall mainly depends on the trends of geopolitical conflicts such as the Red Sea crisis and international situations. The increase in shipping prices is undoubtedly a good thing for shipping companies, but for enterprises, it will not only increase their transportation costs but may also affect the efficiency and cost structure of global trade activities. Especially for manufacturing and retail industries that rely on multinational supply cha
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