General can dissolve in water, produce chlorophyll acid disinfectant collectively containing chlorine disinfectant.

It is an old disinfectant, but it is still an excellent one.

The effective atmosphere in chlorine-containing disinfectant that says normally, not the content that points to chlorine, however the oxidation capacity of disinfectant, the oxidation capacity that is equivalent to how much chlorine.

The disinfectant can be divided into chlorination which is mainly chloral and inorganic chlorine which is mainly chlorophyll acid.

The former has slow bactericidal action but stable performance, while the latter has fast bactericidal action but unstable performance.

Common dosage forms:

1. Liquid chlorine, containing more than 99.5% (V/V) of chlorine;

2. Bleaching powder: effective chlorine 25% (W/W);

3. bleaching powder essence: containing effective chlorine 80% (W/W);

d. 3 in 2, containing effective chlorine 56% (W/W);

e. sodium hypochondria, industrial preparation containing effective chlorine 10% (W/W);

f. hydrochlorofluorocarbon sodium, effective chlorine 60% (W/W);

g. Anachronistically acid, containing effective chlorine 85-90% (W/W),

h. sodium phosphate chloride, containing 2.6% available chlorine (W/W).

(1) sterilization principle: the sterilization mechanism of chlorine-containing disinfectant has three points:

a.Oxidation of secondary acid: chlorophyll acid is a very small neutral molecule;

It can spread to the surface of the bacteria with negative charge, and through the cell wall into the bacteria for oxidation, destroy the bacteria's phosphate dehydrogenate, make the sugar metabolism imbalance and kill the bacteria, 

b. the role of new ecological oxygen, by chlorophyll acid decomposition to form new ecological oxygen, the bacteria protein oxidation;

c. chlorination, through the combination of chlorine and membrane proteins, the formation of nitrogen and chlorine compounds, thereby interfering with cell metabolism, and finally cause the death of bacteria.

2. main advantages and disadvantages:

Advantages:

1. Wide bactericidal spectrum, rapid action, reliable bactericidal effect;

b. low toxicity;

2. Easy to use and low price.

Disadvantages:

1. Unstable, effective chlorine is easy to lose;

2. Bleach the fabric;

3.  corrosive;

4. subject to the influence of machine, pH, etc.

(3) bactericidal effect

It usually kills bacteria, viruses, fungal spores and bacterial buds.

(4) use method

Common disinfection and sterilization methods include soaking, wiping, spraying and dry powder disinfection.

1. Soaking method: put the articles to be disinfected or sterilized into the container containing chlorine-containing disinfectant solution and cover them.

To sterilize the contaminated articles with bacterial propagators, soak them in disinfectant containing 200mg/L effective chlorine for more than 10 minutes;

For the disinfection of hepatitis virus and bacteriology tuberculosis contaminated articles, use disinfectant containing effective chlorine 2000mg/L to soak for more than 30 minutes;

For the disinfection of bacterial germ - contaminated articles, soak them in disinfectant containing 2000mg/L effective chlorine for 30 minutes.

2. wipe method: for large items or other items that cannot be disinfected by soaking method with wipe method.

See immersion for the concentration and duration of the drugs used for disinfection.

3. spray method: for the general contaminated surface, spray wine evenly with 1000mg/L disinfectant (wall: 200mL/m2;Cement floor: 350mL/m2, earth floor,1000mL/m2) for over 30 minutes;Disinfection of surfaces contaminated with hepatitis viruses and bacteriology tuberculosis by containing,

Effective chlorine 2000mg/L disinfectant spray wine (spray volume as before), action for more than 60 minutes.

4. Dry powder detoxification method: to the excreta disinfection, with bleaching powder and other powder containing chlorine disinfectant according to the excreta 1/5 dosage into the excreta, after a little mixing, the effect of 2-6 hours, to the hospital sewage disinfection, with dry powder according to effective chlorine 50mg/L dosage into the sewage and stir evenly, the effect of 2 hours after discharge.

(5) factors affecting sterilization

1. The general rule of D concentration and action time is that the higher the drug concentration, the longer the action time, the better the bactericidal effect.

However, when the concentration of bleaching powder and trivalent drugs increases, the pH value of the solution also rises, and sometimes it is necessary to prolong the action time to sterilize.

2. The lower the pH value of pH, the stronger the bactericidal effect.

The bactericidal effect of chlorine-containing disinfectants mainly depends on the concentration of chlorophyll acid in the solution which is not decomposed. The lower the pH value of the solution is, the more chlorophyll acid is not decomposed.

3. The increase in temperature can strengthen the bactericidal effect.

However, sodium hypochondria solution can not be heated, otherwise it will cause decomposition, so that the bactericidal effect is reduced;

4. The presence of organic matter can deplete effective chlorine, affecting its bactericidal effect.

The effect on the low concentration of disinfectant was obvious.

Starch, fat and alcohol had little effect (methanol had synergistic effect on sodium hypochondria), but organic matter had little effect on sodium hydrochlorofluorocarbon.

5.  reducing substances such as phosphates, ferrous salts, sulfides and amigo compounds can also reduce their bactericidal effects.

Attention should be paid to disinfection of sewage;

6. The hardness of water is less than 400mg/L, which has little effect on its bactericidal effect.

(6) precautions for use

1. Should be stored in a covered container and replaced in time;

2. Do not use for sterilization of surgical instruments;

3. When soaking disinfection, articles do not take too much water;

4. Do not be used to be blood, pus, feces and other organic matter pollution surface disinfection.

Before disinfection, the surface adhesion of organic matter should be removed;

5. Do not use it for sterilization of surgical sutures;

6.  When disinfecting textiles with disinfectants containing chlorine, rinse them with clean water immediately after disinfection.